Every medical treatment involves a surgical procedure or the use of chemical agents as drugs or X-rays for radiation treatment for cancer. As the human body gets exposed to these agents or a surgical procedure, some of them may cause side effects on the skin.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, in particular, can have significant effects on the skin. These treatments target rapidly dividing cells, which includes not only cancer cells but also healthy skin cells. This can lead to a range of skin-related side effects that require careful management.
Common Skin Side-Effects
The most frequently reported skin issues during cancer treatment include:
- Dryness and Itching: The skin may become dry, flaky, and itchy due to reduced oil production and moisture loss.
- Rashes: Some chemotherapy drugs can cause rashes that resemble acne or sunburn, often appearing on the face, neck, chest, and back.
- Sensitivity: Skin may become more sensitive to touch, temperature, and sunlight.
- Peeling and Cracking: In severe cases, the skin may peel or crack, especially on the hands and feet (a condition sometimes referred to as hand-foot syndrome).
- Hyperpigmentation: Some patients notice darkening of the skin or changes in skin tone.
- Wound Healing Issues: The skin may take longer to heal from cuts, scrapes, or surgical incisions.
How to Care for Your Skin
Managing skin health during cancer treatment is crucial for comfort and preventing infections. Here are some essential tips:
Use Gentle Products
Choose fragrance-free, alcohol-free, and hypoallergenic skincare products. Harsh soaps and cleansers can strip the skin of its natural oils, worsening dryness and irritation. Use mild, moisturizing cleansers for bathing.
Moisturize Regularly
Apply a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer immediately after bathing while the skin is still damp to lock in moisture. Reapply throughout the day, especially on dry or cracked areas. Look for ingredients like ceramides, glycerin, and hyaluronic acid.
Avoid Hot Showers
Use lukewarm water instead of hot water when bathing or washing your face. Hot water can further dry out the skin and increase irritation.
Protect from the Sun
Many cancer treatments make the skin more sensitive to UV radiation. Always wear broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher, even on cloudy days. Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses when outdoors.
Avoid Irritants
Avoid products containing alcohol, perfumes, dyes, or exfoliants. Also, avoid tight clothing that may rub against sensitive skin.
Manage Hand and Foot Syndrome
If you experience redness, swelling, or pain in your palms or soles, avoid prolonged pressure or friction. Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes and cotton socks. Apply moisturizing creams and avoid hot water soaks.
Stay Hydrated
Drinking plenty of water helps maintain skin hydration from the inside. Dehydration can make skin dryness worse.
When to Consult Your Doctor
While mild skin changes are common, you should contact your healthcare provider if you experience:
- Severe pain, blistering, or open sores
- Signs of infection (increased redness, warmth, pus, fever)
- Rashes that spread rapidly or do not improve with home care
- Skin changes that interfere with daily activities or sleep
Your oncologist may prescribe topical creams, oral medications, or adjust your treatment plan to manage severe skin reactions.
In Summary
Taking proactive steps to care for your skin during cancer treatment can significantly improve your comfort and quality of life. Simple habits like using gentle products, moisturizing daily, and protecting your skin from the sun can go a long way. Always communicate any skin changes to your healthcare team for timely support.