Every day, we are exposed to the rays of the sun’s spectrum while performing our daily activities, like morning walks, when shopping outdoors, watering the plants, going to work, etc.
Sunlight is essential for maintaining the level of vitamin D in the human body. But the harmful ultraviolet radiation (UV rays) from the sun can cause damage to the skin and lead to skin cancer in susceptible individuals. UV rays are one of the main causes of skin cancer.
During summers, we take care of our skin before stepping out of the house; but we tend to ignore our skin care routine at other times. It is important to protect the skin from the harmful sun rays throughout the year.
What is Skin Cancer?
Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the outermost skin layer (epidermis) leads to squamous cell skin cancer. A major cause of skin cancer is exposure to harmful ultraviolet rays.
The main types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Among all, melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer.
Are You at Risk of Developing Skin Cancer?
Anyone can get skin cancer, but certain factors increase the risk. Assess your risk and look out for symptoms to detect it early. Early detection greatly improves the chances of successful treatment.
Risk factors include:
- Exposure to sun rays
- Lighter skin tone
- Family or personal history of skin cancer
- History of indoor tanning
- Large number of moles
- History of radiation treatment
- History of sunburns
- Sensitive skin
4 Ways to Prevent Skin Cancer
1. Avoid Direct Sunlight Exposure When the Sun is at Its Peak
Plan your day to minimize sun exposure during midday hours. Avoid direct sunlight and stay in the shade during peak UV hours. This helps prevent sunburns and suntans that can damage the skin and increase cancer risk. Prolonged sun exposure over time may also lead to skin cancer.
2. Applying Sunscreen
Sunscreen helps protect the skin from UV rays. Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Apply it every time you go outside, even on cloudy days.
Cover all exposed skin, including the tips of the ears, lips, back of the neck, and hands. Reapply every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating.
3. Wear Clothes That Cover the Legs and Arms
Sunscreen alone cannot fully block UV rays. Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and wide-brimmed hats to shield your skin. A broad-brimmed hat can protect your face, ears, forehead, and scalp.
Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from UV radiation.
4. Be Safe from Sun-Sensitizing Drugs
Some medications, including certain antibiotics, make the skin more sensitive to sunlight. Be aware of the side effects of any medication you are taking.
If you're on such drugs, take extra precautions to protect your skin from sun exposure.
Takeaway Points
Some people are more prone to sun-related injuries than others. It's important to regularly examine your skin and monitor changes in existing moles.
Check for new skin growths or abnormal changes. If you notice anything unusual, consult a dermatologist immediately.
Most skin cancers can be prevented by adopting preventive measures and taking good care of your skin.