Prostate cancer is among the top ten cancers in India, and its incidence is rapidly increasing. While early detection is crucial, many misconceptions surround prostate cancer. Here are four common myths and the facts that can help you take informed steps—like scheduling a consultation and undergoing screening.
Myth #1: If I Don’t Have Symptoms, I Don’t Have Prostate Cancer
A common misconception is that the absence of symptoms means no cancer. However, like many cancers, prostate cancer is often asymptomatic in early stages and is typically detected during routine health check-ups.
If symptoms are present, they may include:
- Difficulty urinating
- Frequent urination (especially at night)
- Weak urine flow
- Feeling that the bladder hasn’t emptied completely
Myth #2: No Family History Means Low Risk
Family history and genetics do play a role. A man with a father or brother who had prostate cancer is twice as likely to develop it. Risk increases further if the cancer was diagnosed before age 55 or affected three or more relatives.
However, even without family history, other risk factors like age, ethnicity, smoking, obesity, and poor diet can contribute to the disease.
Myth #3: The PSA Test Confirms Prostate Cancer
PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) is a valuable marker, but it is not a definitive diagnostic test. PSA levels can be influenced by various factors:
- Older men naturally have higher PSA levels.
- Urinary infections, prostate inflammation, obesity, and medications can affect PSA.
- A PSA level below 4.0 ng/mL doesn’t rule out cancer.
- Some men with prostate cancer have normal PSA levels.
A high PSA may prompt further tests like a biopsy, but it is not a standalone confirmation.
Myth #4: Prostate Cancer Only Affects Older Men
While risk increases with age, prostate cancer is not exclusive to older men. Over 35% of cases are diagnosed in men under 65. Men in the 40–59 age group can also be affected.
Risk factors beyond age—such as genetics, lifestyle, and ethnicity—can contribute to early-onset cases.
To protect your health, understand the real causes, screening options, and treatments. If you're concerned or diagnosed, consult expert oncologists for personalized guidance.